Cut, Corroded and Collapsed – Gunung PAPANDAYAN (🇮🇩)

“Vulkan Papandajan auf Java” (1905). Painting by the German zoologist and naturalist Ernst Haeckel (1834-1919).

G. Papandayan seen from the north. Complete mountain range on the left; zoom into the main crater with the head scarp of the 1772 collapse on the right. (© GMaps)

Papandayan is the volcano you can actually see on satellite images (e.g. Google Earth) even from a view point 800 km above ground – it is the white patch of a collapse scar that stands out in stark contrast from the dark green forest. The volcano sits at the southern end of the Kendang-Papandayan mountain range.

G. Papandayan is generally said to be 2665 m high but there seems to be some confusion as to location and actual height

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Beauty or Beast? GUNUNG GALUNGGUNG, Indonesia

The crater of Galunggung volcano steams on February 5, 1983, a month after the end of the 1982-83 eruption. Vigorous steam clouds issue from a late-stage cinder cone formed in the center of the crater and from the margins of the interior crater wall. A lake that had begun forming in the crater at the time of this photo eventually grew to entirely cover the cinder cone. (© Don Peterson, 1983, USGS)

What are the tectonics behind Rinjani?

Google maps of Lombok island with Rinjani and Tambora to the east