

Volcan Toliman (center right), Atitlan (far right) from Volcan San Pedro (foreground). Note cinder cone on northern flank of Toliman. Lake Atitlan in the foreground and to the left of the photo. Heavily vegetated lava flows on the near flanks and north facing flanks of Toliman. Village in the center foreground. North is to the left of the photo. Lake Atitlan fills about half the Atitlan III caldera. Image courtesy DIY Travel HQ
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Erosional structures at Göreme, central Cappadocia Region. The tuff is thought to have been deposited by the Mount Erciyes eruption ~2.6 ma, covering an area of about 20,000 km². This was the last of the series of great Cappadocian ignimbrites. (© Claude Valette, via Wikimedia)
In many descriptions of volcanoes and their eruption histories we stumble upon the terms Tuff, Tufa or Ignimbrite. Most every self-respecting volcano has one or all of them. Generally it becomes obvious from the context that they refer to widespread deposits of volcanic materials. But what exactly is an ignimbrite?, is it different to tuff?, and where do they all come from?
Tuff and ignimbrite are clastic rocks composed of volcanic Continue Reading